Columns and foundations every time a house is built. house building company รับสร้างบ้านราชบุรี When building a building, there will be a detailed analysis of the foundation structure as follows.
reinforced concrete columns
- Reinforced steel stand
- Reinforcing steel bars
- Steel dowels attach the column to the base.
- Reinforced steel both ways. fixed distance across the base plate
- D is the effective depth.
- At least 3″ (75) cladding distance where the concrete cladding the steel reinforcing surface is not exposed to air or soil. slbux
- Critical cut for shear. Critical cut for shear breakouts
A = P/S
- where: P is the weight applied to the column (Ib).
A is the area of the base (H).
S is the soil load capacity (Ib/ft²), 1Ib/ft² = 0.0479 kPa.
wooden pole
There are many different types of pole mounts available on the market, so plan and consult with the manufacturer. to know the information in advance before designing. and can be made as special as needed
steel pole
The base plate is provided so that the weight from the column is spread on the base of the column wide enough that it does not exceed the compressive strength of the concrete.
Building foundations on the slope of a home builder รับสร้างบ้านโคราช Building a building must understand the subject of building foundations on slopes as follows:
Structures and foundations of buildings located above or adjacent to slopes. The following recommendations should be followed. mywikinews
- Place the foundation of the building in a position receding from the slope. enough to support both vertical and horizontal forces from the building to prevent subsidence
- Position the building from the end of the slope base. to prevent soil erosion and for drainage
The foundations are placed close to each other and have different levels. This may cause the weight distribution to overlap. This makes the force unit under the bottom foundation unable to bear the force of the soil under the lower foundation.
- Minimum spacing = 2 × base width.
- Extreme slope 1 : 2
- 60º for rock layers
- 30º for soil layer
- Weight distribution into the soil under the base.
Ladder-style foundation to allow the structure to change the level along the slope of the terrain. But it retains the same stable horizontal pattern and helps prevent soil erosion.
- surface level
- Maintain the thickness of the foundation along the steps (T).
- Step height limit (H) of ½ L or no more than 2′ 0″ (610).
- The width of the steps is at least 2’0″ (610).
- In the case of foundations made of masonry Such a size can be slightly adjusted according to the size of the brick.
Concrete floor placed on the ground.
The concrete sub-floors we use are often placed on or near the soil surface. To act as both the floor and the foundation together. However, whether the concrete slab is a concrete slab laid on the ground or not depends on the usage pattern. the nature of the soil surface soil mechanical properties and the design of the above-ground building
Since the concrete on the soil requires support from the soil surface directly from the slab without beams or columns, the quality of the soil under the above-ground concrete should be strong, compact or compact without organic matter. But if the quality of the soil is not firm or strong enough Such concrete floors should be designed so that the foundation has a carpeted or raft style. specially by structural engineers
- Concrete slab at least 4″ (100) thick, depending on usage and load.
- Steel bars are woven into a grid welded together. or prefabricated steel grating for concrete floors It is placed approximately in the center of the slab thickness to help absorb the stresses that occur in the concrete caused by temperature changes. cracks from shrinkage and movement caused by soil compaction in case of having to support more weight than usual Structural steel bars may be needed instead of grid or grid steel.
- A mixture of steel or polypropylene fibers may be added to the concrete mix. to reduce cracks caused by concrete shrinkage
- Anti-cracking fluid may be added to the concrete mix beforehand. to prevent crevices caused by shrinkage
- Polyethylene sheet 0.15 mm thick to prevent moisture.
- 2″ (51) layer of sand to absorb excess water from concrete during curing.
- A layer of gravel or rock at least 4″ (100) thick, protected from moisture or water based on surface tension from the soil layer below.
- Compacted soil with high load-bearing capacity.
Joints in concrete slabs are created to support the movement, movement or expansion of concrete slabs. They can be divided into 3 types: expansion joints. construction joint and cracking joints
